Sash-lock



No. 6mm. Patented 1an. s, Issel. T. B. STEVENS.

SASH LOCK.

(Application led Dec. 13, 1897.)

(No Model.)

.671., .XBW @fmw 3%? mw' Lrruov, wAsmNsToN n c with THECDORE B. STEVENS, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.,

SASH-LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 617,131, dated January 3, 1899.

Application filed December 13, 1897. Serial No. 661,639. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that LTHEODORE B. SrEvENs,a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Sash-Locks, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

My invention is for a lock adapted to be attached to the meeting-rails of window-sashes or similar structures and lock them together.

The object of the invention is to supply a lock suitable for such attachment which shall be simple and inexpensive in construction and shall automatically lock the sasheswhen closed in a manner very easilyunlatched from the inside, but which it shall be extremely difficult to tamper with or pick from the outside.

Another object of the invention is to supply such a lock adapted for attachment at the middle of the sash-beams and which shall have the capacity for automatically locking the sashes when they are partly open against further opening movement, in addition to automatically locking them when entirely closed., whereby the window may be left open to some extent for the purpose of ventilation and still be locked.

The invention consists of the means I employ for attaining these objects, or some of them,which means are hereinafter described, and are definitely enumerated in the claims.

The drawings clearly show my invention.

Figure l is a perspective view of my improved loclc, a portion of the same being broken away to show the interior. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the lock as applied to the meeting-rails of sashes. Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the lock shown in Fig. 2, on a plane at right angles to the window-panes; and Fig. 4 is a substantially horizontal sec-4 tion of such lock, being taken on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a vertical section through a sash-lock, containing an addition to the parts shown in the preceding figures, a part whose function is to cause the two sashes to be drawn together. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the casing C slightly modified in form to adapt it for use Withsaid additional piece, which is a wedge; and Fig. 7 is a perspective view of said wedge.

Similar letters of reference designate similar parts in each figure.

My improved lock, as shown in Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, consists of four general partsnamely, a pair of cooperating casi ngs, a movable locking member, and a bail. Theseparts are shown in each of the said iigures of the drawings, and in Figs. 2, 3, and 4t they are represented as attached to the meeting-rails of a pair of window-sashes, such rails being designated A and B and the corresponding window-panes a and b. As shown, A is the upper rail of the lower sash and hence is on the inside of the room, while B is the lower rail of the upper sash and is on the outside. The corresponding casings are designated C and D, respectively, the former being attached to the rail A and the latter to the rail B. The casing C is preferably of the open box-like form shown, consisting of three sides, c', c2, and c3, and having an inclined floor c, set into the side c2, as shown, and inclining downward toward the open side of the casing.

-At the base of each side is preferably formed a prong c4. These prongs enter the wood of the sash and prevent displacement of the casing, which latter is firmly secured to the sashrail by a screw c5, passing through the floor c.

The casing D, which is secured to the sashrail B, has on the side which faces the casing C one or more recesses of the form shown in the drawings. There are two of these recesses in the construction shown, respectively designated and d'. These recesses are preferably substantially semicylindrical and are for the accommodation of the locking inember E. This member consists of a cylindrical tubular roller having a central web portion e for the purpose of strengthening it. This roller stands on the inclined floor c of the casing C and tends to roll down that floor and when the casing D is opposite the casing C into one of the recesses d or d. When in this position, the sashes are locked, for any attempt to 'lower the outer sash or raise the inner sash is prevented by the locking member E, which forms a strut between the in- IOC) clined floor c and the upper surface of the recess in the casing D.

A bail F has a pair of arms which extend through the pair of holes c in the front side of the casing C and have inwardly-turned ends f, which extend into the cylindrical space in the ends of the roller E. A pull on this bail, either directly or on a cord attached to it, draws the roller E up the incline cinto the casing C and out of the recess d or d, whereupon the casing D may be shifted past the casing C witho ut obstruction. After the pull lon the bail F has ceased and the casing D has moved past the casing C the roller E rolls down the inclined floor c by gravity until stopped by the bail, the inturned ends of which engage with the cylindrical wall of the roller and the cross-bar f of which engages with the post c7, which is preferably made integral with the casing C, being that portion of the wall thereof which is left between the holes c6.

The casingD is extended upward, as shown, and the recess d' formed therein in order to provide suitable means whereby the window may be partly opened for the purpose of ventilation and at the same time locked. lVhen the lower sash is elevated or the upper sash lowered a small distance, the recess d comes in proper position opposite the casing O and the roller E rolls into that recess. The roller forms a strut between the upper portion of the recess d and the inclined iioor c and prevents any further opening of the window, While if the window were moved in the opposite direction it would be closed and the locking-roller would at once pass into the lower recess d and lock the sashes in their closed position.

In order to insure the en trance of the roller E into the recess CZ or CZ', the rear edges 010 of the sides c and c3 are bent inward, as shown in Figs. 4t and 6, until the inner surfaces 0f said edges are practically in line with the sides of the recesses CZ CZ.

In order to draw the sashes tightly together when in their closed position, I form on the casing D the beveled wings d2 and on the casing C the correspondingly-beveled hooks cs. These hooks take over the wings as the sashes come into their closed position and draw the meeting-rails tightly together.

To prevent the insertion of any picking instrument between the sashes, I form, extending downward from the body of the casing D, the integral plate d3, which has at its sides the integral ribs d4 and at its bottom the integral plate d5, projecting in both directions. This plate d3 lies in a recess cut in the inner side of the rail B, while the ribs d4, which eX- tend across the space between the two rails, are accommodated by recesses in the beam A, in which recesses they travel when the sashes are moved. The plate d5 extends under each beam, as shown. Thus access to the roller E from the outside by means of a thin plate or some boring instrument is prevented, for the plates d3 and Z5 guard against access through beam B, and the plates d5 and ribs d4 prevent the passage of a 4thin plate or knife between the sash-rails into contact with the roller either from a point directly beneath the roller or from points at either side thereof. In other words, these ribs d4 and plate d5 prevent the passage of a thin knife between the casings from the outside of the windows. The securing of the casing D to the beam B is preferably accomplished by having screws d6 pass through the plate d3 into the beam B. This screw does not have to bear the strain upon casing D, such strain being borne by that part of plate d5 which lies beneath the sash-rail B, to which the casing is secured.

From what has been said it will be seen that the lock is very simple in construction, consisting simply of four general parts, and that when the parts are in place the lock will present a very neat appearance, for the screws securing it in place will all be hidden from sight, and the visible parts are unobtrusive. It will be seen that the bail accomplishes the double result of preventing the roller passing too far out of the casing when the sashes are open and of withdrawing the roller when they are locked, and also that, although the lock is attached at the middle of the sashbeams, the sashes can be securely locked even though open some distance, and that any tampering with them when in this condition, if it has any effect, will be simply to lock them in their closed position. These features, together with the interlocking bevels which draw the sashes tightly together and the protective features described, provide a lock which I believe to be more satisfactory and efficient than any heretofore produced.

In Figs. 5, 6, and 7 is illustrated a modification of and an addition to the lock as shown in the preceding figures. The addition consists of a wedge G, which is partly inclosed in the casing C and may rest mainly upon the sash-rail A. In order to accommodate this wedge, the inclined iioor c is partly cut away, as at 09, and the top surface of the wedge normally lies in this hole and forms a part of the inclined floor upon which the roller lies. The point of this wedge rests upon the lowest portion c of the door, which is turned down parallel with the top of the sash-rail to form a seat for the wedge, and the other end of this wedge extends out through a hole in the front side o2 in the casing C. On the edge are two shoulders g g', between which this side c2 of the casing lies. These shoulders limit the movement of the wedge backward and forward. This wedge does not in any wise effect the operation of the locking mechanism heretofore described; but if after the sashes are locked together it is desired to draw the sash-rails more closely together this wedge is pushed in-that is, toward the outer sash. Being beneath the roller the wedge pushes it up against the upper IOO IIO

wall of the recess (Land this causes the upper sash to be moved upward and the lower sash downward, whereby the beveled wings d2 and beveled hooks c3 are moved upon each other, with the result of drawing the sash-rails together.

Having described my invention, I claim- 1. In a sash-lock, a casing D having a recess, a locking-roller E adapted to occupy said recess and project therefrom, a casing C adapted to loosely contain said lockingroller, an incline up which said lockingsroller may be drawn and down which it may roll partly into the casing D, and a bail within the said casing C and extending outside of the casing at the rear, said bail extending into the locking-roller and furnishing means for drawing it up the incline, substantially as described.

2. In a sash-lock, incombination, a casing D having a recess therein, a casing C, a roller E constituting a locking member and adapted to stand substantially within the casing C or to pass partly into said recess, a bail F having a pair of arms f which pass through holes in the side of said casing C opposite to the casing D which arms extend inward into the roller E, said bail having a cross-bar connecting said arms and a casing C carrying between the holes through which said arms extend a post c7 with which said cross-bar is adapted to contact, whereby the bail and post prevent the roller from leaving the casing (l and the bail furnishes means for withdrawing the roller into that casing, substantially as described.

In a sash-lock, in combination, a casing D having a recess, a cooperating casing C having an inclined floor, a roller E adapted to roll down said licor, there being a central web portion e in said roller, said casing being open on its front side and having a pair of holes on the opposite side, a bail F having a pair of arms extending through said holes,

said arms having inturned ends f2 which take into the roller E, as shown, said casing having the integral post c7 with which said bail is adapted to engage when said roller is at its extreme outer position whereby the roller is prevented from leaving the casing entirely, substantially as described.

4:. In a sash-lock, a recessed casing D, a cooperating casing O consisting of three sides c' c2 c3 and open at its forward side and at its top and bottom, prongs at the lower edges of said casing adapted to take into the sash to which it is secured, an -inclined plate secured at one end to the side c2 of said casing and extending downward substantially to the open side of the casing, the side c2 having an opening in it above said inclined door, a bail passing through said opening and engaging with a roller adapted to roll down said inclined floor in combination with such roller, substantially as described.

5. In a sash-lock, a casing D adapted to be secured to a sash-beam and having one or more recesses adapted to receive substantially half of a cylindrical roller and having a plate d3 extending downward and a pair of longitudinal ribs d4 carried by said plate, in combination with a cooperating casing adapted to be secured to the cooperating sash-beam, and a locking-roller movably carried therein, substantially as described,

6. The combination with a sash-lock consistin g of two cooperating members and means for locking them together, ot' a plate d3 extend-l ing downward from one of the members and a plate d5 carried at the lower end of said plate d3 and extending in each direction therefrom, substantially as described.

'7. In a sash-lock, a casing D havinga recess d, a plate cl3 extending from the base of said casing, ribs d4 carried by said` plate, and a plate d5 carried by said plate d3 at its lower end, substantially as described.

8. In a sash-lock adapted to be secured to the meeting-beams of a pair of window-sashes at the central vertical line of the window, a casingD adapted to be secured at its base to the beam of the upper sash and having a plurality ot recesses one above the other, a casing C adapted to be secured to the beam of the lower sash and having an inclined licor, a locking-roller standing on that inclined floor and adapted to roll down the same and pass partly into either of the recesses in the other casing, said recesses being of sufficient size to receive substantially half of the locking-roller, and means for withdrawing said locking-roller substantially entirely into the casing C and for preventing it passing entirely out ot1 that casing when the casings are not in cooperating position, substantially as described.

9. In a sash-lock, a casing D having a recess, a locking-roller E adapted to occupy said recess and project therefrom, a casing C adapted to loosely contain said locking-roller, said casing having its interior wider than the width of said recess, the edges of said casing C proximate to the casing D being turned inward so as to make the distance between them substantially the same as the width of the recess, in combination with means for withdrawing the locking-roller from the recess, substantially as described.

lO. In a sash-lock, in combination, a casing D having a recess, a casing C cooperating with the casing D, a locking-roller E adapted to stand partly in each casing or be withdrawn substantially entirely into the casing C, a wedge adapted to slide under the roller when it is partly in each casing and force it upward against the upper surface of the said recess, there being means whereby said roller tends to roll into the recess in the casing D when the two casings are opposite, substantially as described.

ll. In a sash-lock, in combination, a casing D having a recess, a casing C, an inclined floor therein, a locking-roller adapted to roll down said inclined iioor partly into said :re-n

IIO

cess, said inclined floor having a portion cut In testimony whereof I affix my signature away, a Wedge G having an inclined surface in presence of two Witnesses.

-ff adapted to occupy the cut-away portion of Said inclined floor and capable of a limited :1 5 movement toward and from the casing D and l/Vitnesses:

` thereby adapted to force Said roller upward, E. L. THURSTON,

substantially as described. ALBERT H. BATES.

THEODORE B. STEVENS. 

